جودة الطاقة في نظام التوزيع الكهربائي للمؤسسة الأكاديمية – جامعة السلطان قابوس
Full campus PQ audit at Sultan Qaboos University, Oman — 33 kV/11 kV/415 V distribution system. Non-linear loads: العاكسون الكهروضوئية, أنظمة UPS, مبردات VFD, and hundreds of switch-mode power supplies in computer labs. THDI ranged from 2–10%, TDD from 2–8% across measurement points. Main substations compliant with IEEE 519 due to harmonic aggregation cancellation — but individual buildings exceeded 8% at peak load. Key lesson: the THD vs. TDD distinction prevents false alarms. The study establishes a pre-DER baseline before planned large-scale PV integration.